Detection of memory SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8 ⁺ and CD4 ⁺ effector T cells in convalescent subjects. (A) Flow cytometry plot showing S-specific IFNγ (left panel) and TNFα (right panel)-producing CD8 ⁺ and CD4 ⁺ T cells from c#9 at 6 months post discharge. (B) Flow cytometry plot showing NP-specific IFNγ (left panel) and TNFα (right panel)-expressing CD8 ⁺ and CD4 ⁺ T cells from c#9 at 10 months post discharge. (C) Summarized data showing spike-specific IFNγ, TNFα and IFNγ+TNFα-producing T cells in the convalescent subjects at 5–6 months post hospital discharge ( n=5). (D) Summarized data showing NP-specific IFNγ, TNFα and IFNγ+TNFα T cells in the convalescent subjects at 9–10 months post hospital discharge ( n=4). Data are presented as mean±SEM. MP-NP, NP peptide pool; MP-S, spike peptide pool.