(A) Optical excitation and relaxation processes involved in the confined layered structure, where PF and PH represent prompt fluorescence and phosphorescence, respectively. (B) Scheme of the photophysical processes involving exciton- and V_O^••-mediated trap states. (C) SPV spectra of V_S^••-rich and V_S^••-poor In₂S₃. (A) Adapted with permission from Ref. [89], copyright 2017 American Chemical Society; (B) adapted with permission from Ref. [90], copyright 2018 American Chemical Society; (C) adapted with permission from Ref. [93], copyright 2019 American Chemical Society.