(A) Schematic illustration of the separation and migration of electrons and holes in the bulk of the pure and C-doped Bi₃O₄Cl. (B) Charge distribution of S-BiOBr. (C) Removal efficiency of CIP by S-BiOBr-3 in the dark after 30, 60, and 120 s of illumination. (D) EPR spectra for BMPO spin trapping of O₂^•− and R^• in S-BiOBr with/without CIP adsorption. (A) Adapted with permission from ref. [113], Copyright©2016, Wiley-VCH; (B)–(D) adapted with permission from ref. [47], Copyright©2022, Elsevier.