Microelectrodes fabricated by deposition techniques. (A) Schematic illustration of the fabrication processes of 3D macroporous Ni microelectrodes and PEDOT-MnO₂ microelectrodes. (B) Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image of 3D macroporous Ni frame microelectrode. (C) Electrochemical performance of PEDOT-MnO₂ microelectrodes [85]. (D) Schematic illustration of the fabrication process of various fibers [87]. Reproduced with permission.