Blood flow dynamics prediction case (Case 5). (A) Illustration of the human thoracic aorta, the largest human artery. (B) Illustration of the operator mapping $\mathcal{G}$. The inputs are the velocity at the inlet and the pressure at the outlets. The output is the velocity field of the blood flow. (C) Visualisation of the velocity streamlines (snapshots at a representative time) against baseline methods. (D) Comparison of node velocity evolution prediction over time. We project the 3D vector onto the xy-plane. (E) Comparison between ground truth and predictions for the magnitude of the velocity vector. We randomly sample 5000 spatiotemporal nodes from all test samples.