Table 1

Parameter definition and calculation formula

Features Equations Definitions
HR 60/t Time span between two main peaks of the wave
T1 t1/t Time span rate between A and J
T2 t2/t Time span rate between J and E
Tbc tbc/t Time span rate between B and C
Tcd tcd/t Time span rate between C and D
H1 h2/h1 Relative height of the secondary trough
H2 h3/h1 Relative height of the secondary peak
K0 SABCE/SAFIE Proportion of overall wave area
K1 SABCU/SAFHE Proportion of first peak wave area
K2 SUCDE/SUHIE Proportion of second peak wave area
SV s i n α j = s d Q ( t j ) Average blood flow during the pulse cycle
MD MD Mean value of the wave
SD SD Standard deviation of wave
WE i = 1 n p i log ( p i ) Wavelet entropy

Differential parameters that characterize the elasticity of the blood vessel wall in the human body, denoted as α, exhibit slow changes over an extended period. Additionally, external factors such as the intake of antihypertensive drugs can induce alterations in the parameter α. These changes contribute to an escalation in the error of the fundamental blood pressure calculation model. Consequently, many measurement methods necessitate the regular calibration of model parameters using a cuff sphygmomanometer.

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