The electricity, industrial, and agricultural sectors under changing climate: Adaptation and mitigation in China

Special Topic: Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation

Open Access

Review

Table 3

Key technology and policies in the agricultural sector

		Literature	Measures	Evaluation
Adaptation to climate change	Key technology	Huang et al., 2008 [115]; Yao et al., 2011 [116]	New genetically modified varieties resistant to climate disaster	New varieties will increase yields, which in turn increase farmers’ income, but their spread among farmers needs to be assisted by government subsidies. In the future, it is necessary to learn advanced technologies and constantly update crop varieties that adapt to new changes.
		Wang et al., 2014 [118]	New varieties with changed growth periods
		Lv et al., 2020 [122], Li et al., 2015 [124]	Scientific cropping systems and crop management practices	It is a relatively low input and high return measure because farmers are not required to buy. But the spread among many farmers requires government support through volunteers and other methods to bring laboratory research results to field practice.
		Zou et al., 2012 [132]	New irrigation methods and technology	The biggest difficulty is that it costs more to buy the equipment than it does to save water. It is necessary to continue to innovate technology, so that irrigation technology can bring other benefits such as the integration of water and fertilizer, and more experimental pilots need to be established.
	Government Policy		Investing in agricultural infrastructure	It will reduce costs for farmers and help spread new technologies.
			Supporting for scientific research	The progress of scientific research cannot be achieved without the support of the government, including adequate funding, cooperation between governments to improve international exchanges and so on.
			Meteorological monitoring systems	It can help farmers reduce their losses from climate disasters also increase their confidence in using new varieties and management methods.
Mitigation to climate change	Key technology	Na et al., 2013 [155]	Adjusting nutritional strategies of livestock	It is relatively low-cost, but needs the support of scientific research results. With the promotion of the government, it is promising to be widely used in the future.
		Bera et al., 2019 [172]	Biochar on improvement of soil quality	It provides a safe and economical waste disposal strategy, as well improves soil quality. Thus it has a promising prospect in the future.
		Gorjian et al., 2021 [175]	Modern solar-powered electric agricultural machinery	The cost is high and relatively difficult to promote, but the cost of photovoltaic modules has declined in recent years, and the economic opportunities for using solar energy to participate in agricultural tasks are increasing globally.
	Government policy		Strengthening the establishment and implementation of laws	It is an important task for the future government, which can promote farmers’ environmental awareness.
			The contruction of ecological agriculture in regions	Ecological agriculture is an impressive development trend in the future, which requires the cooperation of the government and farmers.
			Supporting the invention and promotion of technologies	The government should and will continue to support for the new technology in the future.

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