Figure 9

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(a) LCA-XANES analysis results (grey open circles) for averaged data for NCs under CO2RR with pulse lengths Δta=Δtc= 10 s, Ec=−1.0 V and Ea= 0.6 V. (b) Evolution of the Cu (311) Bragg peak parameters. (c) Evolution of the Cu2O-like Bragg peak parameters during the anodic pulse. (Reproduced from Ref. [25]. Copyright©2022, Springer Nature Limited). (d) Time-resolved variations using Redox Shuttle (R.S.) of Cu species in CuOx and the corresponding electrochemical responses during CO2RR at −0.75 V and (e) the corresponding time-resolved EXAFS spectra without phase-correction of CuOx under CO2RR. (f) Time-resolved variations using chronoamperometry (CA) of Cu species in CuOx and the corresponding electrochemical responses during CO2RR at −0.75 V and (g) the corresponding time-resolved EXAFS spectra without phase-correction of CuOx under CO2RR. Quantification of time-resolved chemical composition information extracted from operando Quick Cu XAS for CuOx under eCO2RR using redox shuttle (h) and conventional chronoamperometry (i) (Reproduced from Ref. [116]. Copyright©2020, Springer Nature Limited).
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