Simulation and experimental results of piezoelectric properties of m-BNNS/PDMS composite films. (a) Simulation results of piezoelectric properties of m-BNNS/PDMS composite films with different arrangements; (b) the piezoelectric response signals of FR_BNNS and FA_BNNS after random dispersion and directional arrangement were compared in the range of BNNS mass fraction of 0.5%‒2%; piezoelectric response of (c) FR_BNNS and (d) FA_BNNS composite films under five different loads (insets: linear relationship between load and voltage).