The electronic structure of the GDY/graphene heterostructures. (a) The band structure for the GDY/graphene heterostructure with θ = 0°. The CBM and VBM charge densities are shown in red and blue with the isosurface value establishing at 7 × 10⁻⁹ e Å⁻³, respectively. (b) Top and side views of the charge density of the CBM and VBM bands for the heterostructure with θ = 0°. The unit cell of the moiré lattice is indicated by the dashed box. (c) Band structure for the GDY/graphene heterostructure with θ = 1°. (d) Top and side views of the charge density of the CBM and VBM bands for the heterostructure with θ = 1°. (e) Band structure for the GDY/graphene heterostructure with θ = 10°. (f) Top and side views of the charge density of the CBM and VBM bands for the heterostructure with θ = 10°.